A Practice Note considering the interface between competition law and intellectual property (IP) law. This Note discusses mergers and acquisitions (M&A); licensing, collaboration, or other arrangements; and unilateral conduct, relating to the commercialisation of IP in China. This helps private practice lawyers and in-house counsel manage the legal risks commonly associated with the transfer or use of IP, including merger control, joint ventures, collaboration agreements, exclusivity, territorial or customer restrictions, excessive pricing, pay-for-delay agreements, divisional patents, and disparagement campaigns.