This note examines personal leave under the National Employment Standards in the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth), as amended by the Fair Work Amendment (Improving Unpaid Parental Leave for Parents of Stillborn Babies and Other Measures) Act 2020 (Cth), the Fair Work Amendment (Supporting Australia's Jobs and Economic Recovery) Act 2021 (Cth), and Sex Discrimination and Fair Work (Respect at Work) Amendment Act 2021(Cth). It covers the types of leave (personal/carer's leave, unpaid carer's leave and compassionate leave), when and for how long employees can take personal leave and the notice and evidence requirements. It provides guidance on how much an employee is to be paid during paid personal leave, the impact of individual flexibility terms, whether or not personal leave can be cashed out, the interaction of personal leave with other types of leave, and whether or not two employees can take personal leave concurrently to care for the same person.