A Practice Note summarizing the key elements of an effective compliance program under the Affordable Care Act. This Note covers the Seven Elements of an effective compliance program as outlined by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Office of Inspector General (OIG) and Department of Justice (DOJ). It offers guidance about minimizing compliance risks and avoiding liability under the False Claims Act (FCA), Stark Law, and Anti-Kickback Statute. This Note covers criminal prosecutions for health care fraud and exclusion from federal and state health care benefits programs. It is based on federal law with references to state laws where applicable.