Internet of Things (IoT) | Practical Law

Internet of Things (IoT) | Practical Law

Internet of Things (IoT)

Internet of Things (IoT)

Practical Law Glossary Item w-020-3379 (Approx. 3 pages)

Glossary

Internet of Things (IoT)

A network of interconnected smart devices, vehicles, buildings, and other everyday objects that contain sensors, processors, and wireless communication components that enable them to communicate with computers, servers, and one another and to collect, use, analyze, store, and share data. Devices that connect to the IoT are different from conventional devices because they can be programmed to perform functions and take actions on command, on their own, or in conjunction with other connected devices. Examples of IoT interactions include:
  • Asking a voice-controlled assistant to provide today's weather forecast.
  • Setting smart lights to turn on and off at certain times from an app on a smartphone or turning them on or off with a voice-controlled assistant.
  • Using a home security system to monitor a home and alert the owner to intruders or other problems via a smartphone app.
  • Using a smart meter to record electricity consumption minute-by-minute and communicate it to the supplier.
  • Tracking fitness and health diagnostics on a wearable activity tracker that then sends the information to a mobile app or web-connected server.
The IoT is growing rapidly, which presents increasingly complex problems for consumers and businesses regarding privacy, data security, and consumer safety. The IoT Cybersecurity Improvement Act of 2020 (IoT CIA) is the first federal law regulating the security of IoT devices. In addition, several federal agencies are involved in regulating the IoT, including:
  • The Federal Trade Commission (FTC), which has the power to prohibit unfair and deceptive business practices, including practices that relate to consumers' privacy and data security.
  • The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), which protects the public from unreasonable risks of injury or death caused by consumer product hazards.
  • The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which regulates devices that are designed to diagnose, prevent, cure, mitigate, or treat diseases or other conditions that affect the structure or function of the body.
For more information, see Practice Notes, The Internet of Things: Key Legal Issues and Product Safety Best Practices for IoT Devices.