Macau (also spelled Macao) Special Administrative Region, is one of the two Special Administrative Regions (SARs) of China, the other being Hong Kong SAR. Macau lies on the western side of the Pearl River Delta across from Hong Kong 64 kilometres to the east, and is bordered by Guangdong Province to the north and faces the South China Sea to the east and south. The territory's economy is heavily dependent on gambling and tourism, but also includes manufacturing.

Macau was administered as a Portuguese colony from the mid-16th century until late 1999 and its sovereignty was transferred back to China on 20 December 1999.

Under the policy of "one country, two systems", China's Central People's Government is responsible for the territory's defence and foreign affairs, while Macau maintains its own legal system, police force, monetary system, customs policy, and immigration policy. Macau participates in many international organisations and events that do not require members to possess national sovereignty.