A Practice Note providing an overview of how the antitrust laws apply to non-profit health care entities, including non-profit hospitals and health care providers, insurers, associations, and trade associations. This Note discusses antitrust agency enforcement actions and cases brought under Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Act, Sections 1 and 2 of the Sherman Act, and the Clayton Act. It also discusses the application of the Hart-Scott-Rodino (HSR) Act and the Robinson-Patman Act to non-profit entities and provides practical tips for counsel advising non-profit health care entities.