This note provides an overview of the law relating to equal pay under the Equality Act 2010 and Equal Pay Act 1970, with reference where appropriate to Article 157 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (formerly Article 141 of the EC treaty). It sets out the different elements of an equal pay claim: who is eligible to claim, with whom they may compare their terms, what they must prove, and what defences the employer may have.