Previously known as the Office of Special Counsel for Immigration-Related Unfair Employment Practices (OSC). The federal agency responsible for enforcing the anti-discrimination provisions of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 (IRCA). The IER is a part of the Department of Justice's (DOJ) Civil Rights Division.

IRCA prohibits unfair immigration-related employment practices, including:

IRCA's anti-discrimination provisions were enacted in coordination with the employment eligibility verification process (see Practice Note, Demonstrating the Right to Work in the United States). For more information on IRCA's anti-discrimination provisions, see Practice Note, Discrimination: Overview: IRCA and Immigration-Related Discrimination Enforcement Comparison Chart.