A Practice Note addressing AI in the workplace and the legal issues raised when employers use AI tools to perform human resources and employee management functions. It discusses preventing discrimination and algorithmic bias, complying with background check and other privacy laws, and other regulation of and litigation involving workplace AI tools. This Note also addresses issues raised when employers use smart robots for efficiency or safety that work alongside human employees, including workplace safety, third-party tort liability, employee classifications, union issues, and terminations and layoffs. This Note primarily addresses federal law but highlights issues where state law may differ and is useful to employers in all jurisdictions.