The district court erred in denying the City's motion for judgment as a matter of law on Gold's
section 1983 claims. Thus, the jury's verdict against the City on Gold's
section 1983 claims and the district court's accompanying award of attorneys' fees and costs under
42 U.S.C. § 1988 are set aside. On remand, the district court is directed to enter judgment in favor of the City on Gold's
section 1983 claims. The district court's judgment in the amount of $26,500 in favor of Gold and against the City and any costs awarded Gold by reason of that judgment are not affected by this appeal because they remain supported by the jury's verdict on Gold's state law claim for false arrest. The district court's denial of the City's motion for judgment as a matter of law on Gold's
section 1983 claims is REVERSED, the jury's verdict on Gold's
section 1983 claims is SET ASIDE, and the district court's award of attorneys' fees and costs under
section 1988 is VACATED.