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Chavis v. Whitcomb
United States District Court S.D. Indiana, Indianapolis Division.December 15, 1969307 F.Supp. 1362 (Approx. 20 pages)
Chavis v. Whitcomb
United States District Court S.D. Indiana, Indianapolis Division.December 15, 1969307 F.Supp. 1362 (Approx. 20 pages)
307 F.Supp. 1362
United States District Court S.D. Indiana, Indianapolis Division.
Patrick CHAVIS et al., Plaintiffs,
v.
Edgar D. WHITCOMB, Governor of the State of Indiana, Defendant, and John C.Ruckelshaus et al., Intervening Defendants.
No. IP 69-C-23.
Dec. 15, 1969, Stay Granted Feb. 2, 1970, See 90 S.Ct. 748.
Attorneys and Law Firms
*1362 James W. Beatty, Bamberger & Feibleman, James Manahan, Indianapolis, Ind., for plaintiffs.
Richard C. Johnson, Deputy Atty. Gen., Indianapolis, Ind., for defendant.
William K. Byrum, Fulmer, Burris & Byrum, Indianapolis, Ind., for intervening defendants.
Before KERNER, Circuit Judge, and STECKLER and NOLAND, District judges.
Opinion
THE COURT'S PLAN AND ORDER FOR REAPPORTIONMENT OF THE LEGISLATIVE SEATS IN THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF INDIANA
PER CURIAM.
This suit was tried by the three-judge court on June 17 and 18, 1969. After consideration of the legal and factual issues, the Court entered its opinion and a separate order on July 28, 1969.1 The Court found that the multimember districting provisions of the present legislative apportionment statutes of Indiana, Indiana Acts of 1965 (2d Spec.Sess.), ch. 5, sec. 3, and ch. 4, sec. 3 (Ind.Ann.Stat. §§ 34-102, 34-104 (Burns' Supp.1968)), as they relate to Marion County, operate to minimize and cancel out the voting strength of a cognizable racial minority group, which was defined and delinated in the opinion, to the extent that the *1364 members of such minority group are deprived of equal protection of the laws under the Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution of the United States. We therefore declared those portions of the legislative apportionment statutes to be unconstitutional and void.
Upon the evidence adduced, it was further determined that: (1) to redistrict Marion County alone, so as to provide districts meeting constitutional standards, would leave constitutionally impermissible population variations between the newly created districts in Marion County and other districts in the state, and (2) independent of the new districts in Marion County, constitutionally impermissible population variations would remain between presently existing districts in the state when compared among themselves. Thus the portions of the statutes relating to Marion County were found to be not severable from the full body of the statutes. We therefore found a redistricting of the entire state as to both houses of the General Assembly to be necessary.
While recognizing the right of the injured plaintiffs to have their constitutional rights vindicated at the earliest practicable time, we also recognized that the federal judiciary functions within a system of federalism which entrusts the responsibility of legislative apportionment and districting primarily to the state legislature. We therefore granted the State until October 1, 1969, to enact statutes redistricting the State and reapportioning the legislative seats in the General Assembly to remedy the constitutionally impermissible districting and apportionment, retaining jurisdiction should the State fail to comply.
On August 20, 1969, defendant Edgar D. Whitcomb, Governor of the State of Indiana, moved this Court to stay proceedings in the action. On August 27, 1969, the intervening defendants, joined by Governor Whitcomb, separately moved to stay proceedings. These motions were denied on September 4, 1969.
On October 15, 1969, judicial notice was taken of the fact that a special session of the Indiana General Assembly had not been called for the purpose of redistricting and reapportioning the General Assembly. Accordingly, the Court concluded that it would proceed to redistrict the State pursuant to its opinion and order of July 28, 1969.
At an informal conference in chambers held on October 15, 1969, counsel for the parties were informed that the Court wished to invite not only the parties to the action but also the State Committees of the majority and minority parties in the Indiana General Assembly, the legislative leaders of said parties, and the members of the Indiana State Election Board, to submit proposed plans for the Court's consideration.
Pursuant to notice a further conference on October 17, 1969, was held in open court for the purpose of announcing minimal guidelines for submission of proposed plans. The date of November 3, 1969, was fixed as the date by which such plans were to be submitted. Persons desiring to submit plans were ordered to file notice of their intent to do so on or before October 24, 1969. The Court announced that 1960 census data would be used as a basis for redistricting; that single-member districts would be preferred to multi-member districts; and and that county and township boundary lines would be crossed in drawing district lines wherever necessary to achieve equality of population in the districts but that the Court would strive to preserve the integrity of county and township lines.
On October 30, 1969, the Court granted persons submitting proposed plans until November 10, 1969, to file objections, if any, to plans proposed by other persons. Defendant Governor Whitcomb on November 3, 1969, moved the Court to modify the order of October 30th by providing that any party to the action might file objections to any of the proposed plans filed by any party or non-party with the Court within ten (10) days after any party received actual notice of the filing of any proposed plan submitted by any party or non-party. The motion was denied on November 4, 1969.
The intervening defendants on November 5, 1969, moved for an extension of *1365 time within which to file notice of intent and a proposed plan until November 10, 1969. The motion was granted by an entry of November 6, 1969, and the Court further extended until November 13, 1969, the time within which persons having filed proposed plans could file objections to other plans filed with the Court.
The Court has received the following proposed plans, each preceded by a satisfactory notice of intent:
(1) Plaintiffs' plan for Marion County only;
(2) Plan of Leslie Duvall as Chairman, Senate Legislative Apportionment Committee, for the Indiana Senate only;
(3) Plan of Leslie Duvall as Majority Caucus Chairman, Indiana Senate, for the Indiana Senate only;
(4) Plan of State Senator Robert E. Mahowald, for the Indiana Senate only;
(5) Plan of Frederick T. Bauer, Indiana General Assembly House Minority Leader, and David Rogers, Indiana General Assembly Senate Minority Leader, for both the Indiana House and Senate;
(6) Plan of Richard A. Boehning, Indiana General Assembly House Majority Leader, for the Indiana House only;
(7) Plan of Representative Richard J. Lesniak, for Lake County only; and
(8) Plan of Senator Albert J. LaMere, for Lake County only.
As invited by the Court, several persons filed objections to districting plans submitted by other persons. These objections have been considered and the Court appreciates the diligence of the persons submitting them. The Court having prepared its own plan and the objections having been considered, these objections are considered moot. We reached this conclusion after examination of all plans submitted. With the exception of the plaintiffs' plan and the intervening defendants' plan, all other plans contain such a large deviation between the most populous and least populous districts that they were eliminated from further consideration.
Although the Court has previously indicated that 1960 census statistics should be utilized, several of the objections argue that these statistics are so outdated as to be not credible. The short answer to this objection was given by an earlier three-judge court of this district in considering congressional redistricting: ‘The Census of 1960 must be tolerated until the next official census in order to maintain relative political stability.’ Grills v. Branigin, 284 F.Supp. 176 (S.D.Ind.1968).
In districting Marion County, two of the plans submitted received primary consideration, the plan of the plaintiffs, and the plan of the intervening defendants. It is the opinion of the Court that the plaintiffs' plan for districting Marion County more nearly meets the constitutional standards laid down by the Supreme Court as followed by this Court in reaching its opinion of July 28, 1969. We note in the intervening defendants' plan large suburban areas are combined with parts of the Center Township ghetto area. In fact, in seven instances the intervening defendants' plan combines suburban areas with portions of the Center Township inner city area. As we observed in our opinion of July 28, 1969, sophisticated gerrymandering has been soundly condemned. Gomillion v. Lightfoot, 364 U.S. 339, 81 S.Ct. 125, 5 L.Ed.2d 110 (1960).
Plaintiffs' districts in Marion County closely follow existing city and township boundary lines and are compact and composed of contiguous territory. Additionally, plaintiffs' House districts approximate mathematical equality of population. The greatest deviation is minus .63 of 1% From the ideal House district in Marion County and the average deviation for all fifteen (15) House districts in Marion County is .26 of 1%. Plaintiffs' plan also protects the legally cognizable racial minority group against dilution of its voting strength. This is also true when the respective House districts *1366 are combined for senatorial districts.
The legislature having failed to act, this Court now establishes House and Senate districts for the State of Indiana which in the Court's opinion comply with federal constitutional requirements as set forth in decisions of the United States Supreme Court, and as applied in this Court's opinion and order of July 28, 1969.
The Indiana Election Code provides a 30-day period for declarations of candidacy for nomination to a General Assembly seat; this period begins on February 24, 1970. Furthermore, precinct election boundaries will have to be adjusted in January of 1970 by the election officials to coincide with the boundaries of new legislative districts.
The legislative districting plan prescribed herein sets forth a description of each House district. The plan is based on 1960 census data which results in an ideal House district of 46,625, and an ideal Senate district of 93,250. As indicated to the interested persons at the October 17, 1969, conference, single-member districts have been utilized throughout the state; further, the Court's aim has been for mathematical equality of population in each district. The difficulty of devising 100 compact and contiguous House districts within that framework has in large part precluded preservation of county lines. However, township boundary lines have been followed except in the state's ten metropolitan areas, where the density of population required the division of townships.
For the convenience of the electorate and of the election officials, each Senate district consists of two House districts chosen by numerical sequence. There are 100 House districts and 50 Senate districts. Thus Senate district No. 1 consists of House districts Nos. 1 and 2, and Senate district No. 2 consists of House districts Nos. 3 and 4, and so forth. The House districts are set out in map form for the use of election officials. The Senate districts are described only by designating the combinations of House districts. The accompanying listing indicates the population of each House district and the percentage deviation from the ideal district of 46,625.
Each district is further described by townships, census tracts, blocks or enumeration districts. Where township lines have been followed, the composition of the district is largely self-explanatory. However, where districts have been described by census designations, it has been necessary to convert the description into streetline locations. This conversion has been accomplished by the use of detail maps A through J for the metropolitan areas of Lake County, South Bend, Fort Wayne, Kokomo, Muncie, Anderson, Marion County, Richmond, Terre Haute, and Evansville.
(See Appendix I for listing of House Districts, Appendix II for listing of Senate Districts, and Map Appendix for District Boundary Lines.)2
The conversion to streetline locations was made possible by the assistance and cooperation of the United States Bureau of the Census, Department of Commerce. The Court especially recognizes and credits the Bureau of the Census for its help in providing demographic data to accomplish this redistricting plan. Their information and assistance has made it possible to audit population figures and percentage deviations from the ideal.
In establishing district lines for the metropolitan areas of the state, the Court has taken judicial notice of the 1960 census statistics as to the location of the non white population. The single-member district plan gives recognition to the cognizable racial minority group whose grievance lead to this litigation.
In reapportioning legislative seats in the General Assembly, the question of *1367 how the ‘holdover’ senators shall be treated is presented.
The Constitution of the State of Indiana, Art. 4, Sec. 3, provides that senators are elected for 4-year terms; thus, theoretically half of the members of the Senate, those who were elected in the 1968 general election, would not stand for re-election in 1970. Since the Act under which they were elected has been found unconstitutional, the Court is required to determine what is to become of the remainder of their terms of office. To permit the present terms of incumbent senators to extend beyond the 1970 general election would prevent implementation of the districting plan herein prescribed. Senators elected in 1968 under what has now been declared to be an unconstitutional statute do not have a vested right to serve out the balance of their 4-year terms. Reynolds v. State, 233 F.Supp. 323 (W.D.Okla.1964). Thus the Court has concluded that it will be necessary to fill all fifty senatorial seats in the 1970 election, and that the present terms of all incumbent senators will expire at the time the members of the newly elected legislature take office on January 7, 1971. Mann v. Davis, 238 F.Supp. 458 (E.D.Va.1964), aff'd Hughes v. WMCA, Inc., 379 U.S. 694, 85 S.Ct. 713, 13 L.Ed.2d 698 (1965); Holt v. Richardson, 238 F.Supp. 468 (D.Haw.1965); People ex rel. Engle v. Kerner, 33 Ill.2d 11, 210 N.E.2d 165 (1965).
The indiana constitutional provision for staggering the terms of senators, so that one-half of the Senate terms expire every two years, is entirely proper and valid and would be mandatory in a legislatively devised redistricting plan.
However, the plan adopted herein is provisional in nature and probably will be applicable for only the 1970 election and the subsequent 2-year period. This is true since the 1970 census will have been completed in the interim, and the legislature can very well redistrict itself prior to the 1972 election. On the other hand, it is conceivable that the legislature may fail to redistrict before the 1972 election. In such event, all fifty senatorial seats shall be up for election every two years until such time as the legislature properly redistricts itself. It will then properly be the province of the legislature in redistricting to determine which senatorial districts shall elect senators to 4-year terms and which shall elect senators to 2-year terms to reinstate the staggering of terms.
It is therefore ordered, adjudged and decreed that the defendant, Governor Edgar D. Whitcomb, the State Election Board, the Secretary of State of the State of Indiana, and all election officials under the Election Code of Indiana are hereby enjoined from conducting any primary, general or special elections for the offices of Indiana State Senator or Indiana State Representative by the use of the districts and apportionment created by the Indiana Acts of 1965 (2d Spec.Sess.), ch. 5, sec. 3, and ch. 4, sec. 3 (Ind.Ann.Stat. §§ 34-102, 34-104 (Burns' Supp.1968)) for the reason that those statutes are violative of the Constitution of the United States for the reasons given in this opinion and in the Court's opinion and order of July 28, 1969.
It is further ordered, adjudged and decreed that the defendant, Governor Edgar D. Whitcomb, the State Election Board, the Secretary of State, and all election officials under the Election Code of Indiana are hereby mandated to conduct all primary, general and special elections during the year 1970 for the offices of Indiana State Senator or Indiana State Representative in accordance with this judgment and by the use of the districts created and described by this judgment; and this order now constitutes appropriate notice to all of such officials.
The Court retains jurisdiction of this action for the purpose of passing upon any future claims of unconstitutionality made by plaintiffs against any future legislative apportionment adopted by the General Assembly of Indiana by reason of this order, and for such other action in the premises as may be necessary.
APPENDIX I | |||
|---|---|---|---|
HOUSE DISTRICTS | |||
|---|---|---|---|
--------------- | |||
DISTRICT | TOTAL | PERCENTAGE OF | |
|---|---|---|---|
NO. | DESCRIPTION | POPULATION | DEVIATION |
-------- | ----------- | ---------- | --------- |
1 | Posey County: All | 46,966 | +.73% |
Vanderburgh County: | |||
Tracts 29, 30, 31, 32, V6, V7, & V8 | |||
Tract 28: Blocks 4-13, 19-30, | |||
37-44, 50-57, 64-71, | |||
76-79, and 80 split # | |||
2 | Gibson County: | 46,711 | +.18% |
Johnson Township | |||
Vanderburgh County: | |||
Tracts 4, 5, 33, 34, 35, 38, | |||
V3, V4, V9, V10 | |||
Tract 2: Blocks 1-33, 39-49, | |||
54-75 | |||
Tract 3: Blocks 1-3, 11-22 | |||
Tract 22: Block 1 | |||
Tract 37: Blocks 1-45, 49-52, | |||
61-67 | |||
3 | Vanderburgh County: | 46,735 | +.24% |
Tracts 1, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, | |||
24, 25, 26, 27 | |||
Tract 2: Blocks 34-38, 50-53 | |||
Tract 3: Blocks 4-10, 23-35, 38, 39 | |||
Tract 7: Blocks 1-14 | |||
Tract 14: Blocks 1-8 | |||
Tract 15: Blocks 1-16, 21-25 | |||
Tract 16: Blocks 1-32 | |||
Tract 17: Blocks 1-27, 9 split # | |||
Tract 22: Blocks 2-61 | |||
Tract 28: Blocks 1-3, 14-18, | |||
31-36, 45-49, 58-63, | |||
72-75, 81, 80 split # | |||
4 | Vanderburgh County: | 46,859 | +.50% |
Tracts 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, | |||
13, V1, 36 | |||
Tract 3: Blocks 36, 37, 40-52 | |||
Tract 7: Blocks 15-42 | |||
Tract 14: Blocks 9-28 | |||
Tract 15: Blocks 17-20, 26-48 | |||
Tract 16: Blocks 33-58 | |||
Tract 17: Blocks 28-40, 9 split # | |||
Tract 37: Blocks 46-48, 53-60 | |||
5 | Dubois County: | 46,999 | +.80% |
Bainbridge, Boone & Madison | |||
Townships | |||
Gibson County: | |||
Center, Columbia, Montgomery, | |||
Patoka, Union, Wabash & | |||
Washington Townships | |||
Pike County: | |||
Clay, Jefferson, Logan, Madison | |||
Marion, Patoka & | |||
Washington Townships | |||
6 | Warrick County:All | 46,857 | +.50% |
Dubois County: Cass & Patoka | |||
Townships | |||
Gibson County: | |||
Barton Township | |||
Pike County: | |||
Lockhart & Monroe Townships | |||
Spencer County: Carter, Clay, | |||
Grass, Hammond, Jackson, Luce & | |||
Ohio Townships | |||
7 | Perry County: All | 46,514 | -.24% |
Crawford County: Johnson, Patoka & | |||
Union Townships | |||
Dubois County: Columbia, Ferdinand, | |||
Hall, Harbison, Jackson, Jefferson & | |||
Marion Townships | |||
Orange County: French Lick, Greenfield, | |||
Jackson, Northeast, Northwest, | |||
Orangeville, Orleans & Paoli Townships | |||
Spencer County: Harrison & Huff | |||
Townships | |||
8 | Harrison County: All | 46,655 | +.06% |
Crawford County: Boone, Jennings, | |||
Liberty, Ohio, Sterling & | |||
Whiskey Run Townships | |||
Floyd County: Georgetown & Greenville | |||
Townships | |||
Orange County: Southeast & Stampers | |||
Creek Townships | |||
Washington County: Brown, Howard, | |||
Jackson, Monroe, Pierce, Posey, | |||
Madison, Vernon, Jefferson & | |||
Washington Townships | |||
9 | Floyd County: Franklin, Lafayette & | 46,314 | -.67% |
New Albany Townships | |||
10 | Clark County: Carr, Jeffersonville, | 46,634 | +.02% |
Silver Creek, Union & Wood | |||
Townships | |||
11 | Scott County: All | 46,903 | +.60% |
Clark County: Bethlehem, Charlestown, | |||
Monroe, Oregon, Owen, Utica & | |||
Washington Townships | |||
Jackson County: | |||
Grassy Fork & Vernon Townships | |||
Jefferson County: Graham, Hanover, | |||
Lancaster, Republican, Saluda & | |||
Smyrna Townships | |||
Jennings County: Marion & | |||
Montgomery Townships | |||
Washington County: | |||
Franklin, Gibson & Polk Townships | |||
12 | Ohio County: All | 46,491 | -.29% |
Switzerland County: All | |||
Dearborn County: Caesar Creek, Center, | |||
Clay, Hogan, Sparta & Washington | |||
Townships | |||
Jefferson County: Madison, Milton, | |||
Monroe & Shelby Townships | |||
Ripley County: Brown, Center, Johnson, | |||
Shelby & Washington Townships | |||
13 | Bartholomew County: Clay, Clifty, | 46,444 | -.39% |
Rock Creek, Sand Creek & Wayne | |||
Townships | |||
Decatur County: Jackson, Marion & | |||
Sand Creek Townships | |||
Jackson County: Jackson, Redding & | |||
Washington Townships | |||
Jennings County: Bigger, Campbell, | |||
Center, Columbia, Geneva, Lovett, | |||
Sand Creek, Spencer & Vernon | |||
Townships | |||
Ripley County: Otter Creek Township | |||
14 | Bartholomew County: Columbus, | 46,455 | -.37% |
Flat Rock, German & Haw Creek | |||
Townships in addition to | |||
Unorganized Territory | |||
Decatur County: Clay Township | |||
Johnson County: Blue River Township | |||
Shelby County: Jackson, Noble & | |||
Washington Townships | |||
15 | Brown County: All | 46,331 | -.63% |
Bartholomew County: Harrison, | |||
Jackson & Ohio Townships | |||
Jackson County: Brownstown, Carr, | |||
Driftwood, Hamilton, Owen, Pershing & | |||
Salt Creek Townships | |||
Lawrence County: Bono, Guthrie, Marshall, | |||
Pleasant Run & Shawswick Townships | |||
16 | Martin County: All | 47,045 | +.90% |
Daviess County: Barr, Harrison, | |||
Madison, Reeve, Van Buren, Veale & | |||
Washington Townships | |||
Greene County: Jackson & Taylor Townships | |||
Lawrence County: Indian Creek, Marion, | |||
Perry & Spice Valley Townships | |||
17 | Knox County: All | 46,891 | +.57% |
Daviess County: Bogard, Elmore & | |||
Steele Townships | |||
Gibson County: White River Township | |||
18 | Sullivan County: All | 46,849 | +.48% |
Clay County: Cass, Harrison | |||
Lewis, Perry, Posey, Jackson | |||
Sugar Ridge & Washington | |||
Townships | |||
Owen County: Marion Township | |||
Vigo County: Honey Creek, Linton, | |||
Pierson, Prairie Creek, Prairieton & | |||
Riley Townships | |||
19 | Greene County: Beech Creek, Cass, | 46,366 | -.56% |
Center, Fairplay, Grant, Highland, | |||
Jefferson, Richland, Smith, Stafford, | |||
Stockton, Wright & Washington | |||
Townships | |||
Monroe County: Bean Blossom, Clear | |||
Creek, Indian Creek, Polk, Richland, | |||
Salt Creek, Washington & Van Buren | |||
Townships | |||
Owen County: Clay, Jefferson, Franklin, | |||
Lafayette, Montgomery, Morgan, | |||
Washington & Wayne Townships | |||
20 | Monroe County: Benton, Bloomington & | 46,402 | -.48% |
Perry Townships | |||
21 | Hendricks County: Guilford, Liberty & | 46,266 | -.77% |
Washington Townships | |||
Morgan County: Adams, Ashland | |||
Baker, Brown, Greene, Gregg, | |||
Jefferson, Monroe, Ray & | |||
Washington Townships | |||
Owen County: Harrison & Taylor | |||
Townships | |||
22 | Hendricks County: Brown, Center, | 46,255 | -.79% |
Clay, Eel River, Franklin, | |||
Lincoln, Marion, Middle & | |||
Union Townships | |||
Owen County: Jackson & Jennings | |||
Townships | |||
Putnam County: Clinton, Cloverdale, | |||
Floyd, Franklin, Greencastle, | |||
Jackson, Jefferson, Madison, Marion, | |||
Monroe, Warren & Washington | |||
Townships | |||
23 | Vigo County: Lost Creek Township | 46,563 | -.13% |
Harrison Township | |||
Tracts E & G | |||
Tract D: Blocks 1-223, | |||
224 split # | |||
Tract F: Blocks 1-207, | |||
209-220 | |||
Tract B: Blocks 243-293 | |||
24 | Vigo County: Fayette, Otter | 46,362 | -.56% |
Creek & Sugar Creek Townships | |||
Harrison Township: | |||
Tracts A & C | |||
Tract B: Blocks 1-242 | |||
25 | Parke County: All | 46,159 | -.99% |
Clay County: Brazil, Dick Johnson & | |||
Van Buren Townships | |||
Vermillion County: Clinton, Eugene, | |||
Helt & Vermillion Townships | |||
Vigo County: Nevins Township | |||
26 | Montgomery County: All | 46,506 | -.26% |
Fountain County: Cain, Fulton, | |||
Jackson, Mill Creek, Troy, | |||
Van Buren & Wabash Townships | |||
Putnam County : Russell Township | |||
Vermillion County: Highland Township | |||
Warren County: Kent & Mound Townships | |||
27 | Clinton County: All | 46,832 | +.44% |
Carroll County: Burlington & | |||
Democrat Townships | |||
Howard County: Honey Creek & | |||
Monroe Townships | |||
Tippecanoe County: Lauramie, | |||
Randolph, Sheffield & Wea | |||
Townships | |||
Tipton County: Jefferson & Prairie | |||
Townships | |||
28 | Carroll County: Clay Township | 46,346 | -.60% |
Tippecanoe County: Fairfield & | |||
Perry Townships | |||
29 | Benton County: Bolivar Township | 46,467 | -.34% |
Fountain County: Davis, Logan, | |||
Richland & Shawnee Townships | |||
Tippecanoe County: Jackson, Shelby, | |||
Union, Wabash & Wayne Townships | |||
Warren County: Adams, Jordan, Liberty, | |||
Medina, Pike, Pine, Prairie, Steuben, | |||
Warren & Washington Townships | |||
30 | Jasper County: All | 46,788 | +.35% |
Newton County: All | |||
Benton County: Center, Gilboa, | |||
Grant, Hickory Grove, Oak Grove, | |||
Parish Grove, Pine, Richland, | |||
Union & York Townships | |||
Pulaski County: Cass & White Post | |||
Townships | |||
Starke County: Railroad Township | |||
White County: Princeton, Round | |||
Grove & West Point Townships | |||
31 | LaPorte County: Cass, Center | 46,845 | +.47% |
Clinton, Dewey, Hanna, New | |||
Durham, Noble & Scipio | |||
Townships | |||
Porter County: Boone, Jackson, | |||
Morgan, Pleasant, Porter, | |||
Union & Washington Townships | |||
32 | Lake County: Cedar Creek, Center, | 46,779 | +.33% |
Eagle Creek, Hanover, Ross, | |||
West Creek & Winfield Townships | |||
33 | Lake County: | 46,641 | +.03% |
Tracts SJT60, NOT53, HMC52 | |||
Tract HMC49: Blocks 37-67 | |||
Tract HMC51: Blocks 42, 45, 166 | |||
34 | Lake County: | 46,646 | +.04% |
Tracts CAT54 & CAT55, | |||
Tract GAC6: Blocks 426-455, | |||
533-539 | |||
Tract GAC26: Blocks 44-47, 58-65, | |||
69-79, 84-108, 111-149, | |||
152-178, 179 | |||
Tract GAC27: Blocks 19-97 | |||
35 | Lake County: | 46,602 | -.05% |
Tracts HMC42, HMC43, HMC44, | |||
HMC45, HMC50 | |||
Tract HMC46: Blocks 1-38, 47-52 *, | |||
61-68, 73 | |||
Tract HMC49: Blocks 1-36 | |||
Tract HMC51: Blocks 2-6, 11-17, | |||
19-26 | |||
Tract ECC37: Blocks 1-67, 76-80 | |||
36 | Lake County: | 46,530 | -.20% |
Tracts HMC40, HMC41, ECC28, | |||
ECC28cv, ECC35, NOT38, | |||
NOT39, ECC29cv. | |||
Tract ECC29: Blocks 1-13, 16-55 | |||
Tract ECC36: Blocks 1-3, 7-20, | |||
28-40, 44 split # | |||
Tract ECC37: Blocks 68-75 | |||
37 | Lake County: | 46,772 | +.31% |
Tracts HMC47 & HMC48 | |||
Tracts HMC46: Blocks 39-44, 53-60 | |||
69-72 | |||
Tract HMC51: Blocks 1,18, 27-41, | |||
46-165, 167-215 | |||
38 | Lake County: | 46,563 | -.13% |
Tracts ECC30, ECC31, ECC32, | |||
ECC33 & ECC34 | |||
Tract ECC29: Blocks 14-15 | |||
Tract ECC36: Blocks 4--6, 21-27, | |||
41-43, 44 split #, & 45 | |||
Tract GAC1: Blocks 34-40 | |||
Tract GCA6: Blocks 1-80, 85-130, | |||
132-179, 182-231, 234, 239, | |||
240-425, 460-532 | |||
39 | Lake County: | 46,601 | -.05% |
Tract GAC18, GAC19, GAC20, | |||
GAC23, and GAC25 | |||
Tract GAC16: Blocks 39-45 | |||
Tract GAC21: Blocks 10-21, 28-31 | |||
Tract GAC27: Blocks 3-18 | |||
40 | Lake County: | 46,652 | +.06% |
Tracts GAC14, GAC15, GAC17, | |||
GAC22 & GAC24 | |||
Tract GAC16: Blocks 1-38 | |||
Tract GAC21: Blocks 1-9, 22-27, | |||
32-34 | |||
Tract GAC26: Blocks 1-43 | |||
Tract GAC27: Blocks 102 | |||
41 | Lake County: | 46,824 | +.43% |
Tracts GAC2, GAC3, GAC4, GAC5, | |||
GAC7, GAC8, GAC9, GAC10, | |||
GAC11, & GAC12 | |||
Tract GAC1: Blocks 1-33, 41-188 | |||
Tract GAC6: Blocks 81-84, 131 | |||
180-181, 232-233, 235-238, | |||
456-459 | |||
Tract GAC13: Block 1 | |||
42 | Lake County: | 46,659 | +.07% |
Tracts HOT56, HOT57, & HOT58 | |||
Tracts GAC13: Blocks 2-50 | |||
Tracts GAC26: Blocks 48-57, | |||
66-68, 80-83, 109-110, | |||
150-151 | |||
43 | Porter County: Center, Liberty, | 46,484 | -.30% |
Portage & Westchester Townships | |||
44 | LaPorte County: Cool Spring & | 47,081 | +.98% |
Michigan Townships | |||
Porter County: Pine Township | |||
45 | LaPorte County: Galena, Hudson, | 46,621 | -.01% |
Johnson, Kankakee, Lincoln, | |||
Pleasant, Prairie, Springfield, | |||
Union, Washington & Wills Townships | |||
Marshall County: Center, North, Polk & | |||
West Townships | |||
St. Joseph County: Olive Township | |||
Starke County: California, Center, | |||
Davis, Jackson, Oregon & Washington | |||
Townships | |||
46 | St. Joseph County: | 46,566 | -.13% |
Tracts C109, C111, C119-C123, | |||
22, 24, 26-28, 34 | |||
Tract 20: Blocks 37-40 | |||
47 | St. Joseph County: | 46,648 | +.05% |
Tracts: C110, 1-7, 19, 21, 23, 25 | |||
Tract 18: Blocks 2-9, 15-21, | |||
26-29, 35-38 | |||
Tract 20: Blocks 1-36, 41-45 | |||
48 | St. Joseph County: | 46,584 | -.09% |
Tracts C112, C113, 8-13, 17 | |||
Tract 18: Blocks 1, 10-14, | |||
22-25, 30-34, 39-42 | |||
49 | St. Joseph County: | 46,591 | -.07% |
Tracts C117, C118, 14, 16, | |||
29-33, 35 | |||
Tract 15: Blocks 1-49, 65-69 | |||
50 | St. Joseph County | 46,876 | +.54% |
Tracts M101, M102, M103, M104 | |||
M105, M106, M107, C114, | |||
C115, C116 | |||
Tracts 15: Blocks 50-64 | |||
51 | Elkhart County: | 46,464 | -.35% |
Baugo, Cleveland, Elkhart, | |||
Harrison, Jackson, Olive & | |||
Osolo Townships | |||
52 | Elkhart County: Concord, | 46,971 | +.74% |
Jefferson & Washington Townships | |||
53 | LaGrange County: All | 46,165 | -.99% |
Elkhart County: Clinton, | |||
Middlebury & York Townships | |||
Noble County: Albion, Allen, | |||
Elkhart, Orange, Perry, Sparta, | |||
Wayne & York Townships and | |||
Jefferson Township | |||
54 | DeKalb County: All | 46,864 | +.51% |
Steuben County: All | |||
Noble County: Swan Township | |||
55 | Allen County: | 47,040 | +.89% |
Tracts C101, C102, C103, C108-C113, | |||
C118, C119 | |||
Tract 1: Block 51 | |||
Tract 33: Block 1 | |||
56 | Allen County: | 47,047 | +.91% |
Tracts 2-10, 34, 35 | |||
Tract 1: Blocks 1-50, 52 | |||
Tract 33: Blocks 24-51 | |||
57 | Allen County: | 46,694 | +.15% |
Tracts 11-21 | |||
Tract 25: Blocks 3-7 | |||
Tract 27: Blocks 1-6 | |||
58 | Allen County: | 46,778 | +.33% |
Tracts 26, 28-32, 23, 40 | |||
Tract 25: Blocks 1, 2, 8-45 | |||
Tract 27: Blocks 7-62 | |||
Tract 36: Blocks 1-6, 9-18 | |||
59 | Allen County: | 46,902 | +.59% |
Tracts 22, 24, 37-39, C104-C107 | |||
C114-C117 | |||
Tract 33, Blocks 2-23, 52-55 | |||
Tract 36: Blocks 7, 8, 19-37 | |||
Huntington County: Jackson Township | |||
60 | Whitley County: All | 46,626 | +.01% |
Huntington County: Clear Creek, | |||
Huntington & Warren Townships | |||
Kosciusko County, Monroe Township | |||
Noble County: Green, Noble & | |||
Washington Townships | |||
61 | Elkhart County: Benton, Locke & | 47,091 | +.99% |
Union Townships | |||
Kosciusko County: Jefferson, | |||
Plain, Scott, Tippecanoe, | |||
Turkey Creek, Van Buren, | |||
Washington & Wayne Townships | |||
Marshall County: Bourbon & German | |||
Townships | |||
St. Joseph County: Madison Township | |||
62 | Fulton County: Henry & New Castle | 46,505 | -.26% |
Townships | |||
Kosciusko County: Clay, Etna | |||
Franklin, Harrison, Jackson, | |||
Lake, Prairie & Seward Townships | |||
Marshall County: Tippecanoe Township | |||
Miami County: Allen, Erie, Jefferson, | |||
Perry, Peru & Richmond Townships | |||
Wabash County: Chester, Paw Paw & | |||
Pleasant Townships | |||
63 | Carroll County: Adams, Jefferson, | 46,461 | -.35% |
Rock Creek & Tippecanoe Townships | |||
Fulton County: Aubbeenaubbee & | |||
Richland Townships | |||
Marshall County: Union, Green & | |||
Walnut Townships | |||
Pulaski County: Beaver, Franklin, | |||
Harrison, Indian Creek, Jefferson, | |||
Monroe, Rich Grove, Salem & | |||
Tippecanoe Townships | |||
Starke County: North Bend & Wayne | |||
Townships | |||
Tippecanoe County: Tippecanoe | |||
Township | |||
White County: Big Creek, Cass, | |||
Honey Creek, Jackson, Liberty, | |||
Lincoln, Monon, Prairie & Union | |||
Townships | |||
64 | Cass County: Adams, Bethelehem | 46,602 | -.05% |
Boone, Clay, Clinton, Eel, | |||
Harrison, Jefferson & Noble | |||
Townships | |||
Fulton County: Liberty, Rochester, | |||
Union & Wayne Townships | |||
Miami County: Union Township | |||
Pulaski County: Van Buren Township | |||
65 | Carrol County: Carrollton, | 46,488 | -.29% |
Deer Creek, Jackson, Liberty, | |||
Madison, Monroe, & Washington | |||
Townships | |||
Cass County: Deer Creek, Jackson, | |||
Miami, Tipton & Washington | |||
Townships | |||
Howard County: Clay, Ervin, | |||
Harrison, Howard, Jackson, | |||
Liberty & Union Townships | |||
That part of Center Township which | |||
is outside the City Limits of the | |||
City of Kokomo, plus Enumeration | |||
District 37P | |||
Miami County: Clay, Deer Creek, | |||
Harrison & Pipe Creek Townships | |||
Tippecanoe County: Washington | |||
Township | |||
66 | Howard County: | 46,896 | +.58% |
The City of Kokomo, less | |||
Enumeration District 37P | |||
67 | Hancock County: Vernon Township | 46,483 | -.31% |
Hamilton County: Fall Creek, | |||
Jackson, Noblesville, Wayne & | |||
White River Townships | |||
Howard County: Taylor Township | |||
Madison County: Duck Creek, Green & | |||
Jackson Townships | |||
Tipton County: Cicero, Liberty, | |||
Madison & Wildcat Townships | |||
68 | Boone County: All | 46,891 | +.57% |
Hamilton County: Adams, Clay, | |||
Delaware & Washington Townships | |||
69 | Grant County: Monroe, Richard, Sims | 46,666 | +.09% |
Van Buren & Washington Townships | |||
Huntington County: Dallas, Jefferson, | |||
Lancaster, Polk, Rock Creek, | |||
Salamonie & Wayne Townships | |||
Miami County: Butler, Jackson & | |||
Washington Townships | |||
Wabash County: Lagro, Liberty | |||
Noble & Waltz Townships | |||
70 | Grant County: Center, Franklin & | 46,407 | -.47% |
Pleasant Townships | |||
71 | Wells County: All | 46,218 | -.87% |
Adams County: Blue Creek, French, | |||
Jefferson, Kirkland, Monroe, Preble, | |||
Root, St. Mary's, Union, Wabash & | |||
Washington Townships | |||
Huntington County: Union Township | |||
72 | Blackford County: All | 46,299 | -.70% |
Adams County: Hartford Township | |||
Delaware County: Delaware, Niles & | |||
Union Townships | |||
Grant County: Jefferson Township | |||
Jay County: Bear Creek, Greene, | |||
Jackson, Knox, Noble, Penn, | |||
Richland, Wabash & Wayne | |||
Townships | |||
73 | Grant County: Fairmount, Green | 47,028 | +.86% |
Liberty & Mill Townships | |||
Madison County: Boone, Monroe, | |||
Pipe Creek, Richland & | |||
Van Buren Townships | |||
74 | Delaware County: Hamilton, Harrison, | 46,646 | +.05% |
Mount Pleasant & Washington | |||
Townships | |||
Center Township: | |||
Tracts 7-11, 17-20 | |||
Tract 2: Blocks 1-11 | |||
75 | Delaware County: Salem Township | 47,056 | +.92% |
Madison County: Adams, Fall Creek, | |||
Lafayette, Stony Creek & Union | |||
Townships | |||
That part of Anderson Township | |||
which is outside the City Limits | |||
of the City of Anderson, and | |||
excluding Enumeration | |||
District 14P | |||
76 | Madison County: That part of | 47,066 | +.95% |
the City of Anderson which is | |||
within the Township of Anderson, | |||
plus Enumeration District 14P | |||
77 | Jay County: Jefferson, Madison & | 46,730 | +.22% |
Pike Townships | |||
Randolph County: Franklin, Green | |||
Greensford, Jackson, Monroe, | |||
Union, Ward, Washington, Wayne & | |||
White River Townships | |||
Wayne County: Abington, Center, | |||
Clay, Dalton, Franklin, Green, | |||
New Garden, Perry & Webster | |||
Townships | |||
That part of Wayne Township | |||
outside the City Limits of the | |||
City of Richmond, less Enumeration | |||
District 11NA, Enumeration District | |||
11NB, and Enumeration District 14 | |||
78 | Wayne County: The City of Richmond, | 46,358 | -.57% |
plus Enumeration District 11NA, | |||
Enumeration District 11NB | |||
and Enumeration District 14 | |||
(47R not included) | |||
(Richmond Airport) | |||
79 | Delaware County: | 46,865 | +.52% |
Center Township (Pt. of Muncie) | |||
Tracts 1, 3-6, 12-16, 21 | |||
Tract 2: Blocks 12-81 | |||
80 | Delaware County: Liberty, Monroe & | 46,550 | -.16% |
Perry Townships | |||
Henry County: Blue River, Fall | |||
Creek, Harrison, Henry, Jefferson, | |||
Liberty, Prairie & Stony Creek Twps. | |||
Randolph County: Stoney Creek | |||
Township | |||
81 | Fayette County: All | 46,173 | -.97% |
Henry County: Dudley Township | |||
Rush County: Noble, Richland, | |||
Union & Washington Townships | |||
Union County: Brownsville, Center, | |||
Harrison, Liberty & Union | |||
Townships | |||
Wayne County: Boston, Harrison, | |||
Jackson, Jefferson & Washington | |||
Townships | |||
(Including 47R) | |||
82 | Franklin County: All | 46,541 | -.18% |
Dearborn County: Harrison, | |||
Jackson, Kelso, Lawrenceburg, | |||
Logan, Manchester, Miller & | |||
York Townships | |||
Ripley County: Adams, Delaware, | |||
Franklin, Jackson & Laughery | |||
Townships | |||
Union County: Harmony Township | |||
83 | Decatur County: Adams, Clinton, | 46,445 | -.39% |
Fugit, Salt Creek & Washington | |||
Townships | |||
Hancock County: Blue River, Brown, | |||
Green & Jackson Townships | |||
Henry County: Franklin, Greensboro, | |||
Spiceland & Wayne Townships | |||
Rush County: Anderson, Center, | |||
Jackson, Orange, Posey, Ripley, | |||
Rushville & Walker Townships | |||
Shelby County: Union Township | |||
84 | Hancock County: Buck Creek, Center, | 46,426 | -.43% |
Sugar Creek & Brandywine | |||
Townships | |||
Shelby County: Addison, Brandywine, | |||
Hanover, Hendricks, Liberty, | |||
Marion, Moral, Shelby, Sugar | |||
Creek & Van Buren Townships | |||
85 | Johnson County: Clark, Franklin, | 46,959 | +.72% |
Hensley, Needham, Nineveh, | |||
Pleasant, Union & White River | |||
Townships | |||
Morgan County: Clay, Jackson, | |||
Madison & Harrison Townships | |||
86 | Marion County: | 46,456 | -.36% |
Tract 420-425, 427, 701-703, 801 | |||
Tract 415: Blocks 23-25 | |||
Tract 426: Blocks 10-15, 18, 19, | |||
22-62 | |||
87 | Marion County: | 46,486 | -.30% |
Tracts 802-812, 903, 904 | |||
88 | Marion County: | 46,460 | -.35% |
Tracts 605, 607-616, 901, 902 | |||
Enumeration Districts 140P | |||
141S, 141T, 142N, 142P, | |||
143R, 144, 145N | |||
89 | Marion County: | 46,333 | -.63% |
Tracts 301-310, 602-604 | |||
Tract 601: Blocks 42, 43, 51, | |||
58, 59 | |||
Enumeration Districts 140R, 140S | |||
90 | Marion County: | 46,582 | -.09% |
Tracts 207, 212-218, 224-227 | |||
Towns of Crow's Nest & | |||
Rocky Ripple | |||
Enumeration District 33N | |||
Tract 205: Block 1 | |||
Tract 206: Block 1, 2 | |||
91 | Marion County: | 46,602 | -.05% |
Tracts 201-204, 209-210, 101-103, | |||
404, 405 | |||
Tract 205 (that area outside | |||
City of Indianapolis) | |||
Tract 206 (that area outside | |||
City of Indianapolis) | |||
Tract 211 (less Towns of Rocky | |||
Ripple & Crow's Nest) | |||
Tract 403: Blocks 1-8, 29-31 | |||
Enumeration Districts 31P, 32N, | |||
32P, 32R, 31S | |||
92 | Marion County: | 46,612 | -.03% |
Tracts 401, 402, 406-412, 417-419 | |||
Tract 403: Blocks 9-28, 32-38 & | |||
balance of tract outside | |||
City Limits of Indianapolis | |||
93 | Marion County: | 46,606 | -.04% |
Tracts 560-563, 566-570, 578-581 | |||
Tract 564: Blocks 27-41 | |||
Tract 565: Blocks 7-33 | |||
94 | Marion County | 46,524 | -.22% |
Tracts 413, 414, 416, 538-542 | |||
Tract 415: Blocks 1-22 | |||
Tract 426: Blocks 1-9, 16, 17, | |||
20, 21 | |||
Tract 534: Blocks 36, 37, 45-47, 54 | |||
Tract 535: Blocks 5, 6, 8-64 | |||
Tract 537: Blocks 13-38 | |||
Tract 543: Blocks 1-49, 51-61, | |||
65-76, 80-84 & 85 | |||
Tract 564: Blocks 1-26, 42 | |||
Tract 565: Blocks 1-6 | |||
95 | Marion County: | 46,426 | -.43% |
Tract 559:571-577 | |||
Tract 555: Blocks 40-71 | |||
Tract 556: Blocks 35-48 | |||
Tract 557: Blocks 5-12, 14, 15, | |||
19-31 | |||
Tract 558: Blocks 12-30, 32, 33 | |||
96 | Marion County: | 46,561 | -.14% |
Tracts 544-554 | |||
Tract 543: Blocks 50, 62-64, 77-79 | |||
Tract 555: Blocks 1-39 | |||
Tract 556: Blocks 1-34 | |||
Tract 557: Blocks 1-4, 13, 16-18 | |||
Tract 558: Blocks 1-11, 31 | |||
97 | Marion County: | 46,560 | -.14% |
Tracts 512-516, 533, 536 | |||
Tract 501: Blocks 8-47 | |||
Tract 509: Blocks 23-32 | |||
Tract 517: Blocks 16, 17, 36-39, | |||
53-56 | |||
Tract 532: Blocks 5-10, 19-24 | |||
32-37, 46-51, 60-65 | |||
Tract 534: Blocks 1-35, 38-44, | |||
48-53 | |||
Tract 535: Blocks 1-4, 7 | |||
Tract 537: Blocks 1-12 | |||
98 | Marion County | 46,572 | -.11% |
Tracts 219-223, 502-504, 510, 511 | |||
Tract 501: Blocks 1-7 | |||
Tract 505: Blocks 15, 39, 40 | |||
Tract 508: Blocks 10-19, 33-38, 44 | |||
Tract 509: Blocks 1-22 | |||
99 | Marion County | 46,412 | -.46% |
Tracts 518-520, 527-531 | |||
Tract 517: Blocks 1-15, 18-35, | |||
40-52, 57-63 | |||
Tract 521: Blocks 16-23, 33-42 | |||
Tract 532: Blocks 1-4, 11-18 | |||
25-31, 38-45, 52-59, 66-69 | |||
100 | Marion County: | 46,375 | -.54% |
Tracts 506, 507, 522-526 | |||
Tract 505: Blocks 1-14, 16-38, | |||
41-51 | |||
Tract 508: Blocks 1-9, 20-32, | |||
39-43 | |||
Tract 521: Blocks 1-15, 24-32, | |||
43-47 | |||
Tract 601: Blocks 1-41, 44-50, | |||
52-57, 60-79 | |||
Tract 601: Outside Indianapolis | |||
City Limits | |||
Appendix II
SENATE DISTRICTS | ||
|---|---|---|
---------------- | ||
CONSISTS | ||
|---|---|---|
OF HOUSE | ||
NUMBER | DISTRICTS | |
1 | 1 and 2 | |
2 | 3 and 4 | |
3 | 5 and 6 | |
4 | 7 and 8 | |
5 | 9 and 10 | |
6 | 11 and 12 | |
7 | 13 and 14 | |
8 | 15 and 16 | |
9 | 17 and 18 | |
10 | 19 and 20 | |
11 | 21 and 22 | |
12 | 23 and 24 | |
13 | 25 and 26 | |
14 | 27 and 28 | |
15 | 29 and 30 | |
16 | 31 and 32 | |
17 | 33 and 34 | |
18 | 35 and 36 | |
19 | 37 and 38 | |
20 | 39 and 40 | |
21 | 41 and 42 | |
22 | 43 and 44 | |
23 | 45 and 46 | |
24 | 47 and 48 | |
25 | 49 and 50 | |
26 | 51 and 52 | |
27 | 53 and 54 | |
28 | 55 and 56 | |
29 | 57 and 58 | |
30 | 59 and 60 | |
31 | 61 and 62 | |
32 | 63 and 64 | |
33 | 65 and 66 | |
34 | 67 and 68 | |
35 | 69 and 70 | |
36 | 71 and 72 | |
37 | 73 and 74 | |
38 | 75 and 76 | |
39 | 77 and 78 | |
40 | 79 and 80 | |
41 | 81 and 82 | |
42 | 83 and 84 | |
43 | 85 and 86 | |
44 | 87 and 88 | |
45 | 89 and 90 | |
46 | 91 and 92 | |
47 | 93 and 94 | |
48 | 95 and 96 | |
49 | 97 and 98 | |
50 | 99 and 100 |
All Citations
307 F.Supp. 1362Footnotes
The Court acknowledges with thanks the permission granted by the George F. Cram and R. L. Polk Companies to publish and make use of copyrighted maps, Corporate Boundaries, Marion County, Indiana, and Official Arrow City Map, Hammond and Vicinity, Indiana
#
This block is split at the Township Line between Harrison and Lost Creek Townships.
#
This block, containing no population, is split into two (2) districts by a projected line.
*
There are not any blocks in Tract HMC46 that are numbered 45 or 46. Therefore, this series of blocks starts with number 47.
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