Where a plaintiff resides in a racially gerrymandered district, ... the plaintiff has been denied equal treatment because of the legislature's reliance on racial criteria, and therefore has standing to challenge the legislature's action.... On the other hand, where a plaintiff does not live in such a district, ... any inference that the plaintiff has personally been subjected to a racial classification would not be justified absent specific evidence tending to support that inference.19
the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law.26
Whether or not in some cases compliance with the Voting Rights Act, standing alone, can provide a compelling interest independent of any interest in remedying past discrimination, it cannot do so here.... [C]ompliance with federal antidiscrimination laws cannot justify race-based districting where the challenged district was not reasonably necessary under a constitutional reading and application of those laws.50
DB: LA SEN 1994 | Congressional District Statistics | |
Total Population | ||
Page: 1 |
District | Number | Total | Ideal | District | % District | |
Name | Members | Population | Population | Variance | Variance |
District 1 | 1 | 602,842 | 602,853 | −11 | 0.00% | |
District 2 | 1 | 602,877 | 602,853 | 24 | 0.00% | |
District 3 | 1 | 602,839 | 602,853 | −14 | 0.00% | |
District 4 | 1 | 602,876 | 602,853 | 23 | 0.00% | |
District 5 | 1 | 602,933 | 602,853 | 80 | 0.01% | |
District 6 | 1 | 602,774 | 602,853 | −79 | −0.01% | |
District 7 | 1 | 602,832 | 602,853 | −21 | 0.00% |
PLANWIDE STATISTICS: | |
Range of populations: | 602,774 to 602,933 |
Ratio range: | 1.0003 |
Absolute range: | −79 to 80 |
Absolute overall range: | 159 |
Relative range: | −0.01 to 0.01% |
Relative overall range: | 0.03% |
Absolute mean deviation: | 36.00 |
Relative mean deviation: | 0.01% |
DB: LA SEN 1994 | Congressional District Summary | |
Total Population and 1994 Registered Voters | ||
Page: 1 |
District | Total | Total | Total | Total | Total | Total |
Name | Pop. | White | Black | Reg. Vot. | Reg. Wh. | Reg. Blk. |
District 1 | 602,842 | 515,665 | 72,979 | 332,945 | 296,205 | 32,354 |
100.00% | 85.54% | 12.11% | 100.00% | 88.97% | 9.72% | |
District 2 | 602,877 | 215,630 | 365,874 | 292,713 | 110,239 | 176,552 |
100.00% | 35.77% | 60.69% | 100.00% | 37.66% | 60.32% | |
District 3 | 602,839 | 443,616 | 142,167 | 330,048 | 250,432 | 76,915 |
100.00% | 73.59% | 23.58% | 100.00% | 75.88% | 23.30% | |
District 4 | 602,876 | 397,629 | 195,980 | 299,652 | 214,031 | 82,876 |
100.00% | 65.96% | 32.51% | 100.00% | 71.43% | 27.66% | |
District 5 | 602,933 | 410,725 | 187,223 | 333,182 | 239,419 | 92,379 |
100.00% | 68.12% | 31.05% | 100.00% | 71.86% | 27.73% | |
District 6 | 602,774 | 402,995 | 191,421 | 332,407 | 238,560 | 91,507 |
100.00% | 66.86% | 31.76% | 100.00% | 71.77% | 27.53% | |
District 7 | 602,832 | 452,878 | 143,637 | 336,429 | 258,583 | 76,329 |
100.00% | 75.13% | 23.83% | 100.00% | 76.86% | 22.69% | |
Total | 4,219,973 | 2,839,138 | 1,299,281 | 2,257,376 | 1,607,469 | 628,912 |
100.00% | 67.28% | 30.79% | 100.00% | 71.21% | 27.86% |
DB: LA SEN 1994 | Parish Population by Congressional District | |
Total Population and 1994 Registered Voters | ||
Page: 1 |
Census | Total | Total | Total | Total | Total | Total |
Unit | Pop. | White | Black | Reg. Vot. | Reg. Wh. | Reg. Blk. |
District 1 | ||||||
Jefferson Parish | 289,679 | 261,785 | 16,940 | 153,838 | 145,986 | 5,351 |
Orleans Parish | 39,761 | 36,804 | 2,219 | 26,264 | 24,516 | 1,318 |
St. Tammany Parish | 144,508 | 126,806 | 15,917 | 82,209 | 73,706 | 7,225 |
Tangipahoa Parish | 85,709 | 60,601 | 24,527 | 45,988 | 34,015 | 11,831 |
Washington Parish | 43,185 | 29,669 | 13,376 | 24,646 | 17,982 | 6,629 |
Total District 1 | 602,842 | 515,665 | 72,979 | 332,945 | 296,205 | 32,354 |
District 2 | ||||||
Jefferson Parish | 145,700 | 78,880 | 60,365 | 63,586 | 36,331 | 25,897 |
Orleans Parish | 457,177 | 136,750 | 305,509 | 229,127 | 73,908 | 150,655 |
Total District 2 | 602,877 | 215,630 | 365,874 | 292,713 | 110,239 | 176,552 |
District 3 | ||||||
Ascension Parish | 21,079 | 10,831 | 10,107 | 13,202 | 7,186 | 5,983 |
Assumption Parish | 22,753 | 15,273 | 7,349 | 13,823 | 9,411 | 4,410 |
Iberia Parish | 68,297 | 46,940 | 20,154 | 38,442 | 27,371 | 10,951 |
Jefferson Parish | 12,927 | 10,505 | 1,737 | 6,940 | 6,011 | 737 |
Lafourche Parish | 85,860 | 72,371 | 10,703 | 43,794 | 39,464 | 4,243 |
Plaquemines Parish | 25,575 | 18,522 | 5,944 | 14,589 | 10,454 | 3,137 |
St. Bernard Parish | 66,631 | 62,199 | 3,111 | 39,195 | 37,308 | 1,754 |
St. Charles Parish | 42,437 | 31,638 | 10,253 | 25,533 | 19,315 | 6,184 |
St. James Parish | 20,879 | 10,484 | 10,357 | 13,676 | 7,093 | 6,567 |
St. John the Baptist Parish | 39,996 | 25,039 | 14,419 | 22,263 | 13,593 | 8,580 |
St. Martin Parish | 41,337 | 27,044 | 13,664 | 24,405 | 16,495 | 7,850 |
St. Mary Parish | 58,086 | 37,688 | 18,337 | 30,986 | 21,270 | 9,508 |
Terrebonne Parish | 96,982 | 75,082 | 16,032 | 43,200 | 35,461 | 7,011 |
Total District 3 | 602,839 | 443,616 | 142,167 | 330,048 | 250,432 | 76,915 |
District 4 | ||||||
Allen Parish | 7,050 | 6,049 | 972 | 4,794 | 4,114 | 663 |
Beauregard Parish | 30,083 | 25,242 | 4,489 | 16,481 | 14,255 | 2,125 |
Bienville Parish | 15,979 | 8,986 | 6,949 | 9,883 | 5,606 | 4,270 |
Bossier Parish | 86,088 | 67,030 | 17,381 | 39,519 | 33,037 | 6,146 |
Caddo Parish | 248,253 | 146,580 | 99,511 | 123,515 | 81,992 | 40,524 |
Claiborne Parish | 17,405 | 9,313 | 8,041 | 9,228 | 5,348 | 3,871 |
De Soto Parish | 25,346 | 14,003 | 11,141 | 14,403 | 8,429 | 5,489 |
Natchitoches Parish | 36,689 | 22,357 | 13,779 | 20,534 | 13,096 | 7,146 |
Red River Parish | 9,387 | 5,752 | 3,589 | 5,997 | 3,848 | 2,144 |
Sabine Parish | 22,646 | 17,939 | 3,984 | 13,586 | 11,310 | 2,206 |
Vernon Parish | 61,961 | 45,828 | 12,867 | 20,275 | 17,723 | 2,135 |
Webster Parish | 41,989 | 28,550 | 13,277 | 21,437 | 15,273 | 6,157 |
Total District 4 | 602,876 | 397,629 | 195,980 | 299,652 | 214,031 | 82,876 |
District 5 | ||||||
Avoyelles Parish | 39,159 | 28,324 | 10,585 | 23,253 | 17,472 | 5,729 |
Caldwell Parish | 9,810 | 7,970 | 1,760 | 6,397 | 5,357 | 1,031 |
Catahoula Parish | 11,065 | 8,136 | 2,874 | 7,573 | 5,738 | 1,822 |
Concordia Parish | 20,828 | 13,164 | 7,596 | 12,063 | 7,868 | 4,184 |
East Carroll Parish | 9,709 | 3,355 | 6,291 | 5,774 | 2,303 | 3,436 |
Evangeline Parish | 6,405 | 5,776 | 613 | 4,234 | 3,858 | 371 |
Franklin Parish | 22,387 | 15,278 | 7,040 | 13,240 | 9,682 | 3,549 |
Grant Parish | 17,526 | 14,860 | 2,540 | 10,566 | 9,015 | 1,523 |
Jackson Parish | 15,705 | 11,065 | 4,589 | 9,297 | 6,663 | 2,620 |
La Salle Parish | 13,662 | 12,271 | 1,257 | 10,185 | 8,748 | 1,324 |
Lincoln Parish | 41,745 | 24,620 | 16,590 | 20,477 | 12,814 | 7,450 |
Madison Parish | 12,463 | 4,961 | 7,415 | 7,834 | 3,597 | 4,207 |
Morehouse Parish | 31,938 | 18,584 | 13,263 | 17,008 | 10,816 | 6,178 |
Ouachita Parish | 142,191 | 96,870 | 44,096 | 70,344 | 51,233 | 18,890 |
Rapides Parish | 131,356 | 92,989 | 36,805 | 68,931 | 51,287 | 17,105 |
Richland Parish | 20,629 | 13,020 | 7,539 | 11,586 | 7,835 | 3,726 |
Tensas Parish | 7,103 | 3,292 | 3,785 | 4,503 | 2,217 | 2,283 |
Union Parish | 20,690 | 14,850 | 5,767 | 12,816 | 9,449 | 3,347 |
West Carroll Parish | 12,093 | 9,997 | 2,020 | 6,808 | 5,809 | 986 |
Winn Parish | 16,269 | 11,343 | 4,798 | 10,293 | 7,658 | 2,618 |
Total District 5 | 602,933 | 410,725 | 187,223 | 333,182 | 239,419 | 92,379 |
District 6 | ||||||
Ascension Parish | 37,135 | 33,649 | 3,161 | 21,626 | 20,151 | 1,402 |
East Baton Rouge Parish | 380,105 | 240,614 | 132,328 | 199,491 | 139,379 | 58,868 |
East Feliciana Parish | 19,211 | 10,022 | 9,083 | 10,844 | 6,129 | 3,804 |
Iberville Parish | 31,049 | 16,519 | 14,385 | 20,020 | 10,953 | 9,058 |
Livingston Parish | 70,526 | 66,269 | 3,920 | 40,589 | 38,303 | 2,232 |
Pointe Coupee Parish | 22,540 | 13,196 | 9,275 | 14,550 | 8,899 | 5,644 |
St. Helena Parish | 9,874 | 4,725 | 5,127 | 7,834 | 3,831 | 3,996 |
West Baton Rouge Parish | 19,419 | 12,329 | 6,993 | 11,645 | 7,473 | 4,154 |
West Feliciana Parish | 12,915 | 5,672 | 7,149 | 5,808 | 3,442 | 2,349 |
Total District 6 | 602,774 | 402,995 | 191,421 | 332,407 | 238,560 | 91,507 |
District 7 | ||||||
Acadia Parish | 55,882 | 45,532 | 10,179 | 32,718 | 26,875 | 5,817 |
Allen Parish | 14,176 | 10,259 | 3,524 | 8,177 | 6,126 | 1,896 |
Calcasieu Parish | 168,134 | 128,181 | 38,445 | 84,484 | 66,510 | 17,423 |
Cameron Parish | 9,260 | 8,685 | 503 | 6,125 | 5,776 | 342 |
Evangeline Parish | 26,869 | 18,629 | 8,088 | 17,546 | 12,336 | 5,193 |
Jefferson Davis Parish | 30,722 | 24,721 | 5,836 | 17,704 | 14,562 | 3,116 |
Lafayette Parish | 164,762 | 125,340 | 36,846 | 89,258 | 70,268 | 18,467 |
St. Landry Parish | 80,331 | 47,532 | 32,392 | 48,634 | 28,873 | 19,638 |
St. Martin Parish | 2,641 | 1,762 | 868 | 1,498 | 1,021 | 474 |
Vermilion Parish | 50,055 | 42,237 | 6,956 | 30,285 | 26,236 | 3,963 |
Total District 7 | 602,832 | 452,878 | 143,637 | 336,429 | 258,583 | 76,329 |
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