District | Total Population | All Non–Black | White | Other | Black | Percent Black |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 3,482 | 2,611 | 2,595 | 16 | 871 | 25.01 |
2 | 3,713 | 2,205 | 2,202 | 3 | 1,508 | 40.61 |
3 | 3,657 | 2,243 | 2,233 | 10 | 1,414 | 38.67 |
4 | 3,512 | 2,015 | 2,013 | 2 | 1,497 | 42.63 |
5 | 3,487 | 2,333 | 2,238 | 5 | 1,154 | 33.09 |
First, electoral devices, such as at-large elections, may not be considered per se violative of Section 2. Plaintiffs must demonstrate that, under the totality of the circumstances, devices result in unequal access to the electoral process. Second, the conjunction of an allegedly diluted electoral mechanism and the lack of proportional representation alone does not establish a violation. Third, the results test does not assume the existence of racial bloc voting; plaintiffs must prove it.
[t]he census data on registration are based on self-reporting, which research has shown to be inaccurate when the self-reported data on registration and voter turnout are compared to actual registration and voting records. J.P. Katosh and M.W. Traugott, The Consequences of Validated and Self–Reported Voting Measures, 45 Public Opinion Quarterly, 519 (1981).... The 1984 census figures are also based on a survey of a very small sample of Mississippians, which may or may not reflect their proportion in Mississippi's population, and an even smaller group of black respondents.
District # | Total Population | White | Black | Other | Percent Black |
---|
1 | 3569 | 2562 | 991 | 16 | 27.77 |
2 | 3495 | 2467 | 1025 | 3 | 29.33 |
3 | 3600 | 1228 | 2363 | 9 | 65.64 |
4 | 3460 | 2402 | 1053 | 5 | 30.43 |
5 | 3729 | 2724 | 1002 | 3 | 26.87 |
TABLE 1 | ||||
RACIAL BLOC VOTING IN CHICKASAW COUNTY, MISSISSIPPI | ||||
BLACK V. WHITE CONTESTS, ECOLOGICAL REGRESSION ESTIMATES * | ||||
% OF BLACKS VOTING FOR BLACK CANDS. | % OF BLACKS VOTING FOR WHITE CANDS. | % OF WHITES VOTING FOR BLACK CANDS. | % OF WHITES VOTING FOR WHITE CANDS. | |
---|---|---|---|---|
SHERIFF | 100 | 0 | 3 | 97 |
CIRCUIT CLERK | 100 | 0 | 8 | 92 |
JUSTICE COURT DIS. 1 | 100 | 0 | 6 | 94 |
JUSTICE COURT DIS. 2 | 80 | 20 | 6 | 94 |
MEAN, ALL ELECTIONS | 95 | 5 | 6 | 94 |
* THERE WERE SEVERAL ADDITIONAL BLACK V. WHITE CONTESTS IN PARTICULAR DISTRICTS WITHIN THE COUNTY HELD IN 1979 AND 1983. BUT IN EACH OF THESE CONTESTS THE NUMBER OF INCLUDED PRECINCTS WAS TOO SMALL FOR ANALYSIS OF THE BLACK AND WHITE VOTE. IN EACH SUCH ELECTION, THE BLACK CANDIDATE WAS DEFEATED BY A WHITE OPPONENT. |
TABLE 2 | ||||
RACIAL BLOC VOTING IN CHICKASAW COUNTY, MISSISSIPPI | ||||
ADDITIONAL BLACK V. WHITE CONTESTS, PERCENTAGES FOR BLACK CANDIDATES * | ||||
% OF BLACKS VOTING FOR BLACK | % OF BLACKS VOTING FOR WHITE | % OF WHITES VOTING FOR BLACK | % OF WHITES VOTING FOR WHITE | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1987 GENERAL LT. GOVERNOR | 100 | 0 | 1 | 99 |
1987 PRIMARY SHERIFF | 100 | 0 | 7 | 93 |
MEAN, ALL ELECTIONS ** | 100 | 0 | 8 | 92 |
*THERE WERE ADDITIONAL BLACK V. WHITE CONTESTS IN PARTICULAR DISTRICTS WITHIN THE COUNTY HELD IN 1987. BUT IN EACH OF THESE CONTESTS THE NUMBER OF INCLUDED PRECINCTS WAS TOO SMALL FOR ANALYSIS OF THE BLACK AND WHITE VOTE. IN EACH SUCH ELECTION, THE BLACK CANDIDATE WAS DEFEATED BY A WHITE OPPONENT. |
TABLE 3 | ||||
RACIAL BLOC VOTING IN CHICKASAW COUNTY, MISSISSIPPI, 1988 | ||||
PRIMARY BLACK V. WHITE CONTEST FOR DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL | ||||
NOMINATION PERCENTAGES FOR BLACK CANDIDATE | ||||
% OF BLACKS VOTING FOR BLACK CAND. | % OF BLACKS VOTING FOR WHITE CANDS. | % OF WHITES VOTING FOR BLACK CAND. | % OF WHITES VOTING FOR WHITE CANDS. | |
---|---|---|---|---|
PRES. PRIM. | 100 | 0 | 7 | 93 |
TABLE 4 |
RACIAL BLOC VOTING IN CHICKASAW COUNTY, MISSISSIPPI BLACK V. WHITE CONTESTS, SQUARED CORRELATION COEFFICIENTS STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE |
SQUARED CORRELATION COEFF. | STATISTICAL SIGNIF. |
---|
1983 PRIMARY | ||
SHERIFF | .41 | .05 |
CIRCUIT CLERK | .77 | .00001 |
JUSTICE COURT DIS. 1 | .11 | – |
JUSTICE COURT DIS. 2 | .43 | – |
1987 GENERAL LT. GOVERNOR | .74 | .00001 |
1987 PRIMARY SHERIFF | .38 | – |
TABLE 5 |
RACIAL BLOC VOTING IN CHICKASAW, MISSISSIPPI, EXTREME CASE ANALYSIS COMPARISON OF PLEASANT GROVE (96% WHITE) AND WEST EGYPT (77% BLACK) 1983 AND 1988 PRIMARIES, BLACK V. WHITE ELECTIONS |
PERCENT FOR BLACK CAND. PLEASANT GROVE PRECINCT | PERCENT FOR BLACK CAND. WEST EGYPT PRECINCT |
---|
1983 PRIMARY | ||
SHERIFF | .6 | 52 |
CIRCUIT CLERK | 3 | 62 |
1988 PRIMARY |
Unsuccessful Black Candidates for County-wide and District-wide Office in Chickasaw County, Mississippi. |
Election Year | Office | Candicate |
---|
1987 | Sheriff | John H. Moore |
1987 | Supervisor, District 4 | Clifton R. Whitley |
1987 | Constable, District 2 | Polee Webber |
1987 | Supervisor, District 2 | Odell Bowers |
1983 | Sheriff | Frank Tucker |
1983 | Circuit Clerk | Willie C. Harris |
1983 | Justice Court Judge (District 1) | Larry Mims |
1983 | Constable, District 1 | Senoria Cousin, Sr. |
1979 & 1983 | Constable, District 2 | Ocie L. Vance |
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